The article outlines the history of the psychology of computerization in Russia and describes its present state, focusing mainly on researches on mediation of human activity by computers and computer networks (the Internet and various Internet services) conducted at Department of Psychology of Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Pages: 58-62
Keywords: psychology of computerization;
computers;
computerization;
human interaction with computer networks;
the impact of computers on humans;
The article analyses the present status of the gradual formation of mental actions theory developed by famed Russian psychologist P.Y.Galperin. It discusses practical application of the theory in the field of education.
The article presents the results of two studies conducted by staff and students of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The first research was devoted to the communicative attitudes of audience and authors of TV programs as partners in the television communications. It showed young viewers' expectations of television programs, their content and hosts. The second research studied the categorical structure of the TV hero's image in comparison with the children's and the youth's images of a "good" and an "evil" person along with their own images of self as a TV hero.
Present and future of the Russian Psychology: opinions of leading psychologists. Materials to be discussed: Charter of the Russian Public Organization “Russian Psychological Society” (RPS) (New edition); Code of Psychologist Ethics
The basic types of violence — direct, structural, cultural and all their forms are distinguished. The author shows causes of terrorism as a form of aggressive behavior, describes social background of terrorist behavior and analyzes personality traits peculiar to terrorists.
Pages: 28-32
Keywords: aggressive behavior;
terrorism;
terrorist;
personality traits of terrorist;
social background of terrorism;
The article argues the necessity of psychological research on the problem of "cultural pathology" and the development of evidence-based programs confronting adverse impact of mass media culture that imposes ideals, rules and values far from humanistic on modern individual, often being the reason of neuroses. It discusses aims and objectives of the task, which should include not only the study of the problem, but also the development of a unified methodological and diagnostic apparatus, as well as the development of preventive measures-psychological and educational activities that help a person to resist the imposed values.
Pages: 20-27
Keywords: mass culture;
system of values;
the mass media;
the impact of media on the consciousness;
Interview with Yury P. Zinchenko, Doctor of psychological sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Education, Dean of Faculty of Psychology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chair of Psychology Council of Russian Educational and Methodical Association for Traditional University Education in Russian Federation, President of Russian Psychological Society.
The article raises the problem of balancing management and leadership. The author analyzes various definitions of leadership, which are provided by Russian and foreign psychologists and defines a highly efficient leader, combining the features of a leader and a manager. Considerable attention is paid to the use of the theory of leadership in practice. Ways of developing leadership potential within organizations, like the distributed leadership, are described.
The author, officer of MSU on the basis of Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in conjunction with T.N. Zemlyansky, presents results of her original comparative study of Russia’s image in the foreign information space and among representatives of the Russian elite. The results revealed differences between the images of Russia in the eyes of various members of Russian social elite (media workers, diplomats, representatives of the Federal Assembly), and the image of Russia among foreign citizens that is shaped by mass media. The role of mass media in shaping the image of Russia is analyzed and conditions of creating a positive image of Russia are outlined.
The paper presents a large-scale scientific and practical project “Finding the resources for psychological well-being enhancement of adolescents in Russia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan”, carried out by an international team of psychologists in Russia, Netherlands, Finland, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan. The authors describe studies conducted in the framework of this project, methods used for identifying the psychological well-being of children , and the proposed and partially tested psychotherapeutic means for its improvement.
Conversation with Evgenie Aleksandrovichem Klimov, Doctor of psychological sciences, Professor, Full Мember of Russian Academy of Education.
Hostility is considered as a psychological factor in the development of physical and mental diseases. The author specifies the term “hostility“, differentiating it from such concepts as aggression, aggressiveness, anger and cynicism. The results of studies showing the role of hostility in development of physical and mental disorders, as well as in occurrence of antisocial and criminal behavior in humans, are discussed.
Pages: 33-39
Keywords: hostility;
aggression;
anger;
clinical psychology;
criminal psychology;
causes of mental diseases;
causes of somatic diseases;
The article regards terrorism as a psychological mechanism that satisfies a number of human needs in a certain way. The authors analyze the following psychological drives of the terrorists: the death instinct, aggression, and the needs for communication, security, new experiences, selfactualization, and selfidentity.
Interview with Yury P. Zinchenko, Doctor of psychological sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Education, Dean of Faculty of Psychology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chair of Psychology Council of Russian Educational and Methodical Association for Traditional University Education in Russian Federation, President of Russian Psychological Society.
This article describes the results of pilot research conducted for the elaboration of new method, oriented to work motivation diagnostics. It was proved that work motivation could be diagnosed through the subjective differences between motivational objects in the space of estimation scales. Motivation objects (work motives) and estimation scales get empirically and presented.
This article presents a research on the specifics of bank employees' job stress during adaptation to organizational changes driven by the bank's economical instability and changes in the management system of the bank. The results shows that all bank employees demonstrate a high level of job stress, which manifests itself in subjective feeling of tension. On the basis of the results we propose some recommendations, including interventions oriented to the reduction of the organizational changes' negative influence on the bank employees' job stress level.
The importance of studying consumer behavior at the present stage of economic development of society is revealed; a brief review of studies of consumers and their preferences is presented; a new discipline — social psychology of consumer behavior that combines knowledge of several sciences: psychology, sociology, economics, etc. is described; the results of original research of consumer social attitudes in relation to advanced mobile phone system and Internet services in terms of socioeconomic changes undertaken in the Moscow region are discussed.
Pages: 111-117
Keywords: consumer behavior;
consumer attitudes;
social psychology of consumer behavior;
consumer theory;
The article is devoted to the role of family in personal development in childhood. Main negative tendencies of family development, risk factors and basic goals of family consulting are defined. We describe the directions to develop the system of psychological help of the family.
Pages: 104-107
Keywords: family;
family consulting;
psychological support;
dysfunctional family;
child-parent relations;
The article presents the text of a lecture presented by the author to psychology students on the theme "Volition" in the course "General Psychology". Author examines the history of the problem and its current state.
Pages: 97-102
Keywords: will;
volitional regulation;
sense formation;
needs;
emotions;
motives;
social values;