The paper discusses changes introduced in the new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published by the American Psychiatric Association in May 2013. The DSM-5 was subjected to a flood of criticism already at the time of its preparation. The authors examine the reasons for revising the previous edition of DSM and provide examples of structural and diagnostic changes introduced in the DSM-5. Special attention is paid to those innovations, which have initiated controversy and debate in the professional community. The paper gives consideration to criticism of the changes in the DSM-5 and urges to the development of a new methodological approach to mental health.

There are examples of structural and diagnostic changes in the DSM-5 including removal of the five-tier multi-axis, replacement of comprehensive assessment scales of functioning to the scale evaluation that refer to activity restrictions of World Health Organization. Special attention is paid to issues of gender and cultural differences including semi-structured interviews on issues related to cultural differences. The paper gives an account of the new Manual of Diagnostic Categories and Abolition or Consolidation of those previously existing.