The authors, leading members of the Chair of Ontopsychology of the Department of Psychology of SPSU, in their article reveal the history of the "ontopsychology" concept and discuss the subject and tasks of this branch of psychological science. Special attention is paid to cooperation of Russian psychologists with Italian scientist A. Meneghetti, and to work of the Slavic Association of Ontopsychology and Chair of Ontopsychology of SPSU, as well as to the practical applications of Ontopsychology.