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Karabanova O.A., Sadovnikova T.Yu. (2017). Perception of the school moral atmosphere in the image of the adolescent reference peer. National Psychological Journal. 3, 92-102.

Abstract

The role of moral atmosphere(MA) (L.Kolberg) at school in the process of shaping the image of the reference peer in adolescents from the standpoint of the orienting activity theory ofP.Ya.Galperin is discussed. In the context of the developmental psychology approach (L.S. Vygotsky, D.B.El’konin) the moral atmosphere of the school is viewed as a component of the social situation of development (SSR) in adolescence. The construct «the image of the reference peer» (ORF) is considered. The significant personality traits of the ORF as the I-ideal for modern adolescents are revealed on the basis of the typology of personality traits proposed by the authors (skills, communicative, activity, moral, external characteristics), which reflect the importance of self-presentation of adolescents and their focusing on the interpersonal relationships to achieve high intra-group status. The similarities and differences in the ORS of adolescents and their perceptions of the ORS pattern in peers are revealed. The age and gender characteristics of the ORS and ORS image «in peer-eyed» are revealed. The results of empirical study of the perception patterns of school MA by contemporary Russian adolescents are discussed. Differences in the structure of the ORS of adolescents with different perceptions of the school MA were revealed. It is shown that for teenagers with the perception of the MA of the school as democratic, the most important are the communicative and activity personality traits with the significance of moral traits. Adolescents with the perception of the MA school as authoritarian or ambivalent above all appreciate the value of external characteristics and skills and least of all moral traits. The orienting role of the school MA as a system of rules, norms and values of the school community for the formation of the ORS image of a modern teenager in the context of the level model of the orienting activity (A.I. Podolsky) is proved. Keywords: adolescence, image of the reference peer, social situation of development, moral atmosphere

Received: 06/28/2017
Accepted: 07/06/2017
Pages: 92-102
DOI: 10.11621/npj.2017.0311

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Keywords: adolescence; image of the reference peer; ">; moral atmosphere in the school; adolescent’s moral-value orientations;

Available Online 10.10.2017

Fig. 1. Gender of adolescents with different perceptions of Gender of adolescents with different perceptions of school moral atmosphere (MA).

Table 1. The most important ORF

Rank

Property

Scale

Mean Value

STD

1

Confidence

Outer

4.42

0.85

2

Sense of Humour

Outer

4.39

0.86

3

Cheerfulness / optimism

Activity

4.36

0.83

4

Reliability

Communication

4.35

0.83

5

Ability to Talk

Skills

4.28

0.88

From 5 points – "the most important property"; to 1 point – "the least important property"

Table 2. Theleast important ORF

Rank

Property

Scale

Mean Value

STD

30

Law Obedience

Moral

3.67

1.17

31

Ability to Adapt

Skills

3.60

1.20

32

Strict Beliefs

Moral

3.54

1.02

33

Strong Principles

Moral

3.47

1.03

34

Consistency

Activity

3.43

1.00

From 5 points – "the most important property"; to 1 point – "the least important property".

Table 3. The most important ORF viewed by peers

Rank

Property

Scale

Mean Value

STD

1

Sense of Humour

Outer

4.33

0.88

1

Ability to Entertain

Skills

4.31

0.92

2

Cheerfulness / Optimism

Activity

4.24

0.87

3

Ability to Talk

Skills

4.15

0.94

4

Confidence

Outer

4.10

0.95

From 5 points – "the most important property"; to 1 point – "the least important property". The ranks correspond to Wilcoxon Test. p <0.05

Table 4. TheleastimportantORF viewed by peers

Rank

Property

Scale

Mean Value

STD

30

Strong Principles

Moral

3.49

1.74

30

Strict Beliefs

Moral

3.44

1.01

30

Law Obedience

Moral

3.41

1.15

30

Self-Discipline

Activity

3.34

1.09

31

Consistency

Activity

3.27

1.05

From 5 points – "the most important property"; to 1 point – "the least important property". The ranks correspond to Wilcoxon Test. p <0.02

Table 5. ORFand ORF viewed by peers

Image of the Reference Peer (ORF)

Image of the Reference Peer (ORF) viewed by peers

Mean Value

STD

Property Rank

Property

Mean Value

STD

Property Rank

Property

4.42

0.85

1

Confidence**

4.33

0.88

1

Sense of Humour

4.39

0.86

4

Sense of Humour

4.31

0.92

2

Ability to Entertain

4.36

0.83

3

Cheerfulness / optimism*

4.24

0.87

4

Cheerfulness / optimism*

4.35

0.83

2

Reliability**

4.15

0.94

3

Ability to Hold a Conversation*

4.28

0.88

5

Ability to Hold a Conversation*

4.10

0.95

5

Confidence**

3.67

1.17

30

Law Obedience**

3.49

1.74

30

Strong Principles

3.60

1.20

31

Ability to Adapt

3.44

1.01

31

Strict Beliefs

3.54

1.02

32

Strict Beliefs

3.41

1.15

32

Law Obedience**

3.47

1.03

33

Strong Principles

3.34

1.09

33

Self-Discipline**

3.43

1.00

34

Consistency*

3.27

1.05

34

Consistency*

* Statisticallysignificantdifferences in ORF distinction viewed by peers The ranks correspond to Wilcoxon Test. p <0.05

** Statisticallysignificantdifferences in ORF distinction viewed by peers Therankscorrespondto WilcoxonTest.p < 0.001

Table 6. The significance of property groups in the structure ofORFand ORF viewed by peers

Property

Image of the Reference Peer (ORF)

Image of the Reference Peer (ORF) viewed by peers

Property Rank

Mean Value

STD

Property Rank

Mean Value

STD

Outer

1

4.12

0.64

1

4.09

0.66

Skills

3

4.00*

0.58

2

3.92*

0.65

Activity

4

3.98**

0.56

4

3.72**

0.65

Communication

2

4.09**

0.59

3

3.83**

0.66

Moral

5

3.90**

0.63

5

3.67**

0.67

* Statistically significant differences in evaluating the importance of properties in the structure of the self-concept (Wilcoxon's Test. p <0.05)

** Statistically significant differences in evaluating the importance of properties in the structure of the self-concept (Wilcoxon's Test. p < 0.001)

Table 7. ORFfeaturesinadolescentswith different perception patterns of school MA

Property

Perception Pattern of School MA

The image of the reference peer "peer-eyed"

Democratic

Authoritarian

Ambivalent

Mean

Rank

Mean

Rank

Mean

Rank

Outer

4.07amb*

4

4.13

1

4.24 d*

1

Skills

4.02

5

3.90

2

4.03

2

Activity

4.21auth. amb**

2

3.87 d**

4

3.90 d**

4

Communicstion

4.32auth**amb*

1

3.88 d**

3

3.97 d*

3

Moral

4.14auth. amb**

3

3.61 d**

5

3.75 d**

5

*Distinction significance p≤00.05;

**Distinction significance p≤0.001.

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For citing this article:

Karabanova O.A., Sadovnikova T.Yu. (2017). Perception of the school moral atmosphere in the image of the adolescent reference peer. National Psychological Journal. 3, 92-102.