Neuropsychological diagnostics and rehabilitation of patients with disorders of praxis in diseases of the brain of various etiology

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Recieved: 06/18/2022

Accepted: 07/08/2022

Published: 03/16/2023

Keywords: clinical psychology; neuropsychology; apraxia; neuropsychological diagnostics; neuropsychological rehabilitation

p.: 3-17

DOI: 10.11621/npj.2023.0101

Available online: 16.03.2023

To cite this article:

Baulina Maria E., Varako Nataliya A., Yury. P. Zinchenko , Maria S. Kovyazina, Mikadze Yuri V., Anatolii A. Skvortsov, Fufaeva Ekaterina V.. Neuropsychological diagnostics and rehabilitation of patients with disorders of praxis in diseases of the brain of various etiology. // National Psychological Journal 2023. 1. p.3-17. doi: 10.11621/npj.2023.0101

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Baulina Maria E. Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis

Varako Nataliya A. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia

Yury. P. Zinchenko Lomonosov Moscow State University

Maria S. Kovyazina Lomonosov Moscow State University, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia, Russian Academy of Education

Mikadze Yuri V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Moscow, Russia, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Anatolii A. Skvortsov Lomonosov Moscow State University

Fufaeva Ekaterina V. Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST), Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Background. Praxis disorders are one of the most common consequences of brain damage. In this regard, neuropsychological diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with praxis disorders is of great practical importance. Since people with apraxia and their families continue to live in society, they have to deal with issues of social functioning in the context of the patient’s limited abilities. As social well-being is impossible without taking into account the psychological and behavioral aspects of the patient and his environment, the modern approach to diagnosis and rehabilitation includes working with all of these aspects. This work is implemented through the organization of a partnership between the patient, his environment and a multidisciplinary team of specialists.

Objective. The article aims to analyze and summarize the diagnostic and rehabilitation experience accumulated in neuropsychology, as well as to identify quality criteria for neuropsychological diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with praxis disorders arising from brain damage. These criteria are recommended for use in the practice of a clinical psychologist.

Results. Based on the analysis of applied research and practical guidelines, recommendations on the choice of diagnostic tools for detecting praxis disorders are presented. The main directions and methods of rehabilitation work, which have shown their effectiveness in overcoming kinetic, kinesthetic, spatial and regulatory apraxia, are highlighted.

Conclusion. The practical work of a clinical psychologist with patients suffering from praxis disorders should be aimed at maintaining the level of preserved voluntary movements and actions as a “support” for further restoration of motor functions or for maintaining the existing level of motor functioning. Practical work should seek to restore disturbed praxis with the help of internal / external means or special techniques and focus on the organization of the patient’s household environment in order to minimize restrictions in functioning.

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