ISSN 2079-6617
eISSN 2309-9828
Predictors of Bullying, Cyberbullying and Victimization: Review of Current Research

Predictors of Bullying, Cyberbullying and Victimization: Review of Current Research

PDF (Rus)

Recieved: 11/01/2021

Accepted: 12/03/2021

Published: 12/30/2021

Keywords: bullying; cyberbullying; victimization; predictors of bullying; predictors of cyberbullying

p.: 3-14

DOI: 10.11621/npj.2021.0401

Available online: 30.12.2021

To cite this article:

Gorlova, Natalya V., Bochaver, Alexandra A., Khlomov Kirill D.. Predictors of Bullying, Cyberbullying and Victimization: Review of Current Research. // National Psychological Journal 2021. 4. p.3-14. doi: 10.11621/npj.2021.0401

Copied to Clipboard

Copy
Issue 4, 2021

Gorlova, Natalya V. Siberian Federal University

Bochaver, Alexandra A. HSE University

Khlomov Kirill D. Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Background. Despite the prevalence of school bullying in Russia and data on the severity of the consequences for its participants, the Russian-language scientifi c literature lacks a systematic understanding of the prerequisites for bullying, which could serve as the basis for practical developments aimed at preventing bullying in educational organizations. This article aims to fill this gap and systematize longitudinal, regression and meta-analytic studies of predictors of bullying, cyberbullying and victimization.

Objective. The purpose of the article is to systematize data on predictors of school bullying and to model its escalation in school environment. To achieve this goal, a search, selection and theoretical analysis of a number of articles published over the past 5 years was carried out

Results. The performed theoretical analysis allows us to model the development of school bullying. The complex of individual-personal and environmental factors that increase the risk of bullying and victimization includes external behavioral and internal manifestations of schoolchildren, thoughts and judgements about themselves and others, social skills, personality traits, features of social contacts, perception of the school climate. Also, the risk factors can be attributed to a weak sense of belonging to school, a lack of support from peers and teachers, the peculiarity of social contacts and norms in the classroom. The peculiarities of upbringing and communication in the family and the attitude of parents of schoolchildren to aggression also play an important role in the emergence and escalation of bullying

Conclusion. The work carried out streamlines disparate ideas about the premises of bullying into a coherent picture that refl ects the complex nature of bullying predictors, and can be used as the basis for the development of preventive programs.

References

Arseneault, L. (2018). Annual Research Review: Th e persistent and pervasive impact of being bullied in childhood and adolescence: implications for policy and practice. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59 (4), 405–421.

Babarro, I., Andiarena, A., Fano, E., Lertxundi, N., Vrijheid, M., Julvez, J., Barreto, F.B., Fossati, S., Ibarluzea, J. (2020). Risk and Protective Factors for Bullying at 11 Years of Age in a Spanish Birth Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4428. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124428

Baroncelli, A., Perkins, E.R., Ciucci, E., Frick, P.J., Patrick, C.J., Sica, C. (2020). Triarchic Model Traits as Predictors of Bullying and Cyberbullying in Adolescence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. doi: 10.1177/0886260520934448

Bochaver, A.A. (2021). Consequences of school bullying for its participants. Psikhologiya. Zhurnal Vysshei Shkoly Ekonomiki (Psychology. Journal of Higher School of Economics), 18 (2), 393–409. doi: 10.17323/1813-8918-2021-2-393-409 (in Russ.).

Bochaver, A.A. (2021). School Bullying Experience and Current Well-Being Among Students. Psikhologicheskaya Nauka i Obrazovanie (Psychological Science and Education), 26 (2), 17–27. doi: 10.17759/pse.2021260202 (in Russ.).

Bochaver, A.A., Gorlova, N.V., Khlomov, K.D. (2021). Behavioral strategies of staff and school leaders in dealing with bullying situations: proactive, reactive and avoidant behavior. In A.A. Bochaver, M.Y. Kats (Eds.), Teenager in the metropolis: remote growing up: collection of works XIV International scientific and practical conference (6–8 April 2021, Moscow), Higher School of Economics, Institute of Education. Moscow: Higher School of Economics. (in Russ.).

Bochaver, A.A., Gorlova, N.V., Khlomov, K.D. (2021). Th e problem of bullying in the context of educational environment: questioning of members of school staff . Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya (Psychological Research), 14 (76), 3. http://psystudy.ru (in Russ.).

Camerini, A.L., Marciano, L., Carrara, A., Schulz, P.J. (2020). Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among children and adolescents: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Telematics and Informatics, 49, 101362. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101362

Cecen-Celik, H., Keith, S. (2019). Analyzing Predictors of Bullying Victimization With Routine Activity and Social Bond Perspectives. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34 (18), 3807–3832. doi: 10.1177/0886260516672941

Cook, C.R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E., Sade, S. (2010). Predictors of Bullying and Victimization in Childhood and Adolescence: A Meta-analytic Investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25 (2), 65–83. doi: 10.1037/a0020149

Chu, X.W., Fan, C.Y., Liu, Q.Q., & Zhou, Z.K. (2018). Stability and change of bullying roles in the traditional and virtual context: A three-way longitudinal study in Chinese early adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47, 2384–2400. doi: 10.1007/ s10964-018-0908-4

Chu, X.W., Fan, C.Y., Lian, S.L., Zhou, Z.K. (2019). Does bullying victimization really influence adolescents’ psychosocial problems? A three-wave longitudinal study in China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246, 603–610. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.103

Demaray, M.K., Malecki, C.K., Ryoo, J.H., Summers, K.H. (2021). Deconstructing bullying roles: A longitudinal latent profile analysis of bullying participant behaviors for students in grades 4 through 12. Journal of School Psychology, 86, 32–48. doi: 10.1016/j. jsp.2021.02.006

Dragone, M., Esposito, C., De Angelis, G., Affuso, G., Bacchini, D. (2020). Pathways Linking Exposure to Community Violence, Self-serving Cognitive Distortions and School Bullying Perpetration: A Three-Wave Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (1), 188. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010188

D’Urso, G., Symonds, J. (2021). Risk factors for child and adolescent bullying and victimization in Ireland: a systematic literature review. Educational Review, 1–26. doi: 10.1080/00131911.2021.1987391

Elliott, S.N., Hwang, Y-S., Wang, J. (2019). Teachers’ ratings of social skills and problem behaviors as concurrent predictors of students’ bullying behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 60, 119–126. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2018.12.005

Erdoğdu, Y.М. (2016). Parental Attitude and Teacher Behaviours in Predicting School Bullying. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4 (6). doi: 10.11114/jets.v4i6.1459

Farrell, A.H., Vaillancourt, T. (2021). Childhood Predictors of Adolescent Joint Trajectories: A Multi-Informant Study on Bullying Perpetration and Hypercompetitiveness. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2021.1923019

Gower, A.L., McMorris, B.J., Eisenberg, M.E. (2015). School-level contextual predictors of bullying and harassment experiences among adolescents. Social Science and Medicine, 147, 47–53. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.10.036

Han, Y., Kim, H., Ma, J., Song, J., Hong, H. (2019). Neighborhood predictors of bullying perpetration and victimization trajectories among South Korean adolescents. Journal of Community Psychology, 47 (7), 1714–1732. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22226

Han, Y., Lee, S., Cho, E., Song, J., Hong, J.S. (2021). Individual- and School-level Predictors of Latent Profiles of Bullying Victimization: Comparing South Korea and the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1–28. doi: 10.1177/0886260521997950.

Holfeld, B., Leadbeater, B.J. (2017). Concurrent and longitudinal associations between early adolescents’ experiences of school climate and cyber victimization. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 321–328. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.037

Holt, M., Viviolo, A., Polanin, J., Holland, K., DeGue, S., Matjasko, J., Wolfe, M., Reid, G. (2015). Bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 135, 496–509. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-1864

Jackson, V., Chou, S., Browne, K. (2017). Protective Factors Against Child Victimization in the School and Community: An Exploratory Systematic Review of Longitudinal Predictors and Interacting Variables. Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 18 (3), 303–321. doi: 10.1177/1524838015611675

Kozasa, S., Oliji, A., Kiyota, A., Sawa, T., & Kim, S. (2017). Relationship between the experience of being a bully/ victim and mental health in preadolescence and adolescence: A cross-sectional study. Annals of General Psychiatry, 16, 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s12991-017- 0160-4

Košir, K., Klasinc, L., Špes T., Pivec, T., Cankar, G., Horvat, M. (2020). Predictors of self-reported and peer-reported victimization and bullying behavior in early adolescents: the role of school, classroom, and individual factors. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 35, 381–402. doi: 10.1007/s10212-019-00430-y

Kljakovic, M., Hunt, C. (2016). A meta-analysis of predictors of bullying and victimization in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 49, 134–145. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.03.002

Lee, C., Shin, N. (2017). Prevalence of cyberbullying and predictors of cyberbullying perpetration among Korean adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 352–358. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.047

Marjutina T.M., Ermolaev O.J., Trubnikov V.I. (1998). On the nature of psychological predictors. Psikhologicheskaya Nauka i Obrazovanie (Psychological science and education), 3 (1). (in Russ.).

Mazur, J., Tabak, I., Zawadzka, D. (2017). Determinants of Bullying at School Depending on the Type of Community: Ecological Analysis of Secondary Schools in Poland. School Mental Health, 9, 132–142. doi: 10.1007/s12310-017-9206-7

Modecki, K.L., Barber, B.L., & Vernon, L. (2013). Mapping developmental precursors of cyber-aggression: Trajectories of risk predict perpetration and victimization. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 651–661. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013-9938-0

Mucherah W., Finch H., White T., Th omas K. (2018). The Relationship of School Climate, Teacher Defending and Friends on Students’ Perceptions of Bullying in High School. Journal of Adolescence, 62, 128–139. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.012

Natesan, P., Mitchell, M.E., Glover, R.J. (2018). Early Predictors of Child’s Bully and Victim Statuses: A Longitudinal Investigation Using Parent, Teacher, and Student Reports from National Data. Frontiers in Education, 3, 48. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2018.00048

Nie, Q, Yang, C, Stomski, M, Zhao, Z, Teng, Z, Guo, C. (2021). Longitudinal Link Between Bullying Victimization and Bullying Perpetration: A Multilevel Moderation Analysis of Perceived School Climate. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. doi: 10.1177/0886260521997940

OECD (2019). PISA 2018 Results (Volume III): What School Life Means for Students’ Lives, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi: 10.1787/acd78851-en

Olweus, D. Bullying at School: What We Know What We Can Do. N. Y.: Blackwell, 1993.

Rodríguez-Hidalgo, A.J., Calmaestra, J. (2018). Psychological Predictors of Cyberbullying According to Ethnic-Cultural Origin in Adolescents: A National Study in Spain. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 49 (10), 1506–1522. doi: 10.1177/0022022118795283

Rodríguez-Hidalgo, A.J., Pantaleón, Y., Calmaestra, J. (2019). Psychological Predictors of Bullying in Adolescents from Pluricultural Schools: A Transnational Study in Spain and Ecuador. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01383

Rose, C.A., Slaten, C.D., Preast, J.L. (2017). Bully Perpetration and Self-Esteem: Examining the Relation Over Time. Behavioral Disorders, 42 (4), 159–169. doi: 10.1177/0198742917715733

Shaikh, B.F., Rehman, M., Amin, A. (2020). Cyberbullying: A Systematic Literature Review to Identify the Factors Impelling University Students Towards Cyberbullying. IEEE Access, 8, 148031–148051. doi: 10.1109/access.2020.3015669

Teng, Z., Bear, G.G., Yang, C., Nie, Q., Guo, C. (2020). Moral disengagement and bullying perpetration: A longitudinal study of the moderating effect of school climate. School Psychology, 35 (1), 99–109. doi: 10.1037/spq0000348

Turner, I., Reynolds, K.J., Lee, E., Subasic, E., Bromhead, D. (2014). Well-being, school climate, and the social identity process: A latent growth model study of bullying perpetration and peer victimization. School Psychology Quarterly, 29 (3), 320–335.

Vera, E.M., Daskalova, P., Hill, L., Floro, M., Anderson, B., Roche, M., Aydin, F., Adams, K., Camacho, D., Raziuddin, A., Carr, A. (2017). Parental Messages, School Belonging, Social Skills, and Personal Control as Predictors of Bullying in Ethnic Minority Adolescents. School Mental Health, 9, 347–359. doi: 10.1007/s12310-017-9218-3

Víllora, B., Larrañaga, E., Yubero, S., Alfaro, A., Navarro, R. (2020). Relations among Poly-Bullying Victimization, Subjective Well-Being and Resilience in a Sample of Late Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 590. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020590

Volk, A.A., Veenstra, R., Espelage, D.L. (2017). So you want to study bullying? Recommendations to enhance the validity, transparency, and compatibility of bullying research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 36, 34–43. doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2017.07.003

Volkova, I.V. (2021). Attitudes to Animals and Bullying among Teenagers. Socialnaya Psikhologiya i Obtshestvo (Social Psychology and Society), 12 (2), 183–196. doi: 10.17759/sps.2021120211 (in Russ.).

Zhao, Z., Liu, G., Nie, Q., Teng, Z., Cheng, G., Zhang, D. (2021). School climate and bullying victimization among adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Children and Youth Services Review, 131, 106218.

Zsila, Á., Orosz, G., Király, O., Urbán, R., Ujhelyi, A., Jármi, E., Griffiths, M.D., Elekes, Z., Demetrovics, Z. (2018). Psychoactive Substance Use and Problematic Internet Use as Predictors of Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimization. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 16, 466–479. doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9809-0

Zych, I., Gómez-Ortiz, O., Fernández, T.L., Nasaescu, E., Llorent, V.J. (2020). Parental Moral Disengagement Induction as a Predictor of Bullying and Cyberbullying: Mediation by Children’s Moral Disengagement, Moral Emotions, and Validation of a Questionnaire. Child Indicators Research, 13, 1065–1083. doi: 10.1007/s12187-019-09670-2

Walters G.D., Espelage, D.L. (2018). From victim to victimizer: Hostility, anger, and depression as mediators of the bullying victimization– bullying perpetration association. Journal of School Psychology, 68, 73–83.

Walters, G.D. (2020). School-Age Bullying Victimization and Perpetration: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies and Research. Trauma, Violence, Abuse, 1, 11. doi: 10.1177/1524838020906513

Wang, C., Ryoo, J.H., Swearer, S.M., Turner, R., Goldberg, T.S. (2017). Longitudinal Relationships between Bullying and Moral Disengagement among Adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 1304–1317. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0577-0

Yubero, S., de las Heras, M., Navarro, R., Larrañaga, E. (2021). Relations among chronic bullying victimization, subjective wellbeing and resilience in university students: a preliminary study. Current Psychology. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-01489-x

To cite this article:

Gorlova, Natalya V., Bochaver, Alexandra A., Khlomov Kirill D.. Predictors of Bullying, Cyberbullying and Victimization: Review of Current Research. // National Psychological Journal 2021. 4. p.3-14. doi: 10.11621/npj.2021.0401

Copied to Clipboard

Copy