ISSN 2079-6617 (Print)
ISSN 2309-9828 (Online)
Conventional theories and modern views on the nature of the mental motor image used in sport

Conventional theories and modern views on the nature of the mental motor image used in sport

PDF (Rus)

Recieved: 05/14/2017

Accepted: 05/23/2017

Published: 06/28/2017

p.: 16-25

DOI: 10.11621/npj.2017.0203

Keywords: Motor imagery; mental training; imaginative sphere; vegetative eactions; sports training

Available online: 28.06.2017

To cite this article:

Veraksa, A.N., Kaminsky, Igor V.. Conventional theories and modern views on the nature of the mental motor image used in sport. // National Psychological Journal 2017. 2. p.16-25. doi: 10.11621/npj.2017.0203

Copied to Clipboard

Copy
Issue 2, 2017

Veraksa, A.N. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Kaminsky, Igor V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Abstract

The paper is devoted to the theoretical and practical aspects of motor imagery widely used by athletes in a variety of sports as an effective psychological training method. The research introduces basic approaches, theories and modern views on the issue. There are a wide variety of views on the mechanisms underlying mental practice of motor tasks. In particular, mental image can be considered from exclusively cognitive perspective or as a direct and essential background for producing movement. 

To signify the notion of mental image in specialist studies the terms «mental study» or «mental training» are used. The research devoted to this issue has significantly influenced the conceptual understanding of the motor image nature. 

There are opposing theories, who employ the mental image that is regarded as a basic cognitive component and does not consist in direct interaction with the executive link of the motor system. On the other hand, there are theories that view the mental image as the immediate basis of the movement that stores information about all its parameters. 

Modern studies, including neuroimaging methods, confirm inseparability of these approaches and central locale of trigger mechanism that modulates physiological reactions and also its generality for real and imaginary action.

In conclusion, taking into account recent data on the nature of motor imagery, special attention is paid to practical aspects of using it in sports, which is different from conventional approaches and recommendations on motor imagery use.

References:

Adams, L., Guz, A., Innes, J.A., & Murphy K. (1987) The early circulatory and ventilatory response to voluntary and electrically induced exercise in man [Journal of Physiology], 383, 19–30. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016393

Aglioti, S.M., Cesari, P., Romani, M., & Urgesi, C. (2008) Action anticipation and motor resonance in elite basketball players [Nature Neuroscience], V. 11, 9, 1109–1116. doi: 10.1038/nn.2182

Barabanshchikova, V.V. (2005) Modality of the figurative sphere as a factor in optimizing the functional state of professionals in the process of psychological self-regulation: Ph.D. in Psychology [Moscow State University]. Moscow, 160.

Bernshtein, N.A. (1990) Physiology of Motion and Activity. Moscow, Nauka, 495.

Beilock, S.L., Lyons, I.M., Mattarella-Micke, A., Nusbaum, H.C., & Small, S.L. (2008) Sports experience changes the neural processing of action language [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences], V. 105, 36, 13269–13273. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0803424105

Blefari, M.L., Sulzer, J., Hepp-Reymond, M.C., Kollias, S., &Gassert, R. (2015) Improvement in precision grip force control with self-modulation of primary motor cortex during motor imagery. [Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience]. 9. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00018

Cerritelli, B., Maruff, P., Wilson, P., & Currie, J. (2000) The effect of an external load on the force and timing components of mentally represented actions. [Behavioural brain research], V. 108, 1, 91–96. doi: 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00138-2

Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2010) Autonomic nervous system activities during imagined movements. In Guillot A., Collet C. (Eds) The neurophysiological foundations of mental and motor imagery, New York, Oxford University Press, 95–108. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546251.003.0007

Creem-Regehr, S.H., & Lee, J.N. (2005) Neural representations of graspable objects: are tools special? [Cognitive Brain Research], V. 22, 3, 457–469. doi: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.10.006

Decety, J., & Boisson, D. (1990) Effect of brain and spinal cord injuries on motor imagery. [European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences], 240, 39–43. doi: 10.1007/BF02190091

Decety, J., Jeannerod, M., Durozard, D., & Baverel, G. (1993) Central activation of autonomic effectors during mental simulation of motor actions in man. [The Journal of Physiology], V. 461, 1, 549–563. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019528

Elshansky, S.P. (2014) Proprioceptive memory of the hand pose. [Psikhologiya, sotsiologiya i pedagogika]. 3. Retrieved from: http://psychology.snauka.ru/2014/03/2905 (accessed: 04/20/2016).

Farah, M.J., Soso, M.J., & Dasheiff, R.M. (1992) Visual angle of the mind’s eye before and after unilateraloccipital lobectomy. [Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Perception and Performance]. 18, 241–246. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.1.241

Foerster, Á., Rocha, S., Wiesiolek, C., Chagas, A.P., Machado, G., Silva, E., Fregni, F., & Monte‐Silva, K. (2013) Site‐specific effects of mental practice combined with transcranial direct current stimulation on motor learning. [European Journal of Neuroscience], V. 37, 5, 786–794. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12079

Gandevia, S.C., Macefield, V.G., Bigland-Ritchie, B., Gorman, R.B., & Burke, D. (1993) Motoneuronal output and gradation of effort in attempts to contract acutely paralysed leg muscles in man. [The Journal of physiology], V. 471, 411–427. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019907

Gatti, R., Rocca, M.A., Fumagalli, S., Cattrysse, E., Kerckhofs, E., Falini, A., & Filippi, M. (2016) The effect of action observation/execution on mirror neuron system recruitment: an fMRI study in healthy individuals. [Brain Imaging and Behavior], 1–12.

Gatti, R., Tettamanti, A., Gough, P.M., Riboldi, E., Marinoni, L., & Buccino, G. (2013) Action observation versus motor imagery in learning a complex motor task: A short review of literature and a kinematics study. [Neuroscience Letters], 540, 37–42. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.11.039

Gregg, M., Hall, C., & Butler, A. (2010) The MIQ-RS: a suitable option for examining movement imagery ability. [Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine], V. 7, 2, 249–257.

Hale, B.D. (1982) The effects of internal and external imagery on muscular and ocular concomitants. [Journal of Sport Psychology], V. 4. 4, 379–387. doi: 10.1123/jsp.4.4.379

Holmes, P.S., & Collins, D.J. (2001) The PETTLEP Approach to Motor Imagery: A Functional Equivalence Model for Sport Psychologists [Journal of Applied Sport Psychology], V. 13, 1, 60–83. doi: 10.1080/10413200109339004

Jeannerod, M. (1994) The representing brain – neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. [Behavioral and Brain Sciences], 17, 187–202. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X00034026

Jeannerod, M., Michel, F., & Prablanc, C. (1984) The control of hand movements in a case of hemianaesthesia following a parietal lesion. [Brain], V. 107, 3, 899–920.

Jowdy, D.P., & Harris, D.V. (1990) Muscular responses during mental imagery as a function of motor skill level. [Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology], V. 12, 2, 191–201. doi: 10.1123/jsep.12.2.191

Mellah, S., Rispal-Padel, L., & Riviere, G. (1990) Changes in excitability of motor units during preparation for movement [Experimental brain research], V. 82, 1, 178–186. doi: 10.1007/BF00230849

Olsson, C.J. (2008) Imagining imagining actions: A thesis … for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [Umea University], Umea, 63.

Olsson, C.J., & Nyberg, L. (2011) Brain simulation of action may be grounded in physical experience. [Neurocase], V. 17, 6, 501–505.

Papaxanthis, C., Schieppati, M., Gentili, R., & Pozzo, T. (2002) Imagined and actual arm movements have similar durations when performed under different conditions of direction and mass [Experimental Brain Research], V. 143, 4, 447–452. doi: 10.1007/s00221-002-1012-1

Richardson, A. (1967) Mental practice: a review and discussion part II. [Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation], V. 38, 2, 263–273.

Sackett, R.S. (1934) The influence of symbolic rehearsal upon the retention of a maze habit. [Journal of General Psychology, 10, 376–395. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1934.9917742

Savoyant, A. (1988) Mental practice: Image and mental rehearsal of motor action. In M. Denis, J. Englekamp, &J. Richardson (Eds.) Cognitive and neurophysiological approaches to mental imagery. The Hague, Martinus Nyhoff, 251–257. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-1391-2_23

Sharma, N., & Baron, J.C. (2013) Does motor imagery share neural networks with executed movement: a multivariate fMRI analysis. [Frontiers in Human Neuroscience], V. 7, 564. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00564

Sim, E.J. Helbig, H.B., Graf, M., & Kiefer, M. (2015) When action observation facilitates visual perception: activation in visuo-motor areas contributes to object recognition [Cerebral cortex], V. 25, 9, 2907–2918. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu087

Slade, J.M., Landers, D.M., & Martin, P.E. (2002) Muscular activity during real and imagined movements: a test of inflow explanations. [Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology], V. 24, 2, 151–167. doi: 10.1123/jsep.24.2.151

Spittle, M., & Morris, T. (2011) Can internal and external imagery perspectives be trained? [Journal of mental imagery]. V. 35, 3–4, 81–104.

Surkov, E.N. (1982) Anticipation in sport. Moscow, Fizkul’tura i sport, 145.

Tomasino, B., Budai, R., Mondani, M., Skrap, M., & Rumiati, R.I. (2005) Mental rotation in a patient with an implanted electrode grid in the motor cortex. [Neuroreport], V. 16, 16, 1795–1800.

Van Elk, M., van Schie, H.T., Zwaan, R.A., & Bekkering, H. (2010) The functional role of motor activation in language processing: motor cortical oscillations support lexical-semantic retrieval. [Neuroimage], V. 50, 2, 665–677.

Witt, J.K., Kemmerer, D., Linkenauger, S.A., & Culham, J. (2010) A functional role for motor simulation in identifying tools. [Psychological Science], V. 21, 9, 1215–1219. doi: 10.1177/0956797610378307

Xie, F., Xu, L., Long, Z., Yao, L., & Wu, X. (2015) Functional connectivity alteration after real-time fMRI motor imagery training through self-regulation of activities of the right premotor cortex. [BMC neuroscience], V. 16, 29. doi: 10.1186/s12868-015-0167-1

Yue, G., & Cole, K.J. (1992) Strength increases from the motor program: comparison of training with maximal voluntary and imagined muscle contractions [Journal of neurophysiology], V. 67, 5, 1114–1123.

To cite this article:

Veraksa, A.N., Kaminsky, Igor V.. Conventional theories and modern views on the nature of the mental motor image used in sport. // National Psychological Journal 2017. 2. p.16-25. doi: 10.11621/npj.2017.0203

Copied to Clipboard

Copy